====== The Land Titles Act (ON) ======

====Scope & Application====

  * The **Land Titles Act (LTA)** governs land registration in Ontario, ensuring secure ownership and dispute resolution.  
  * Applies to designated parts of Ontario via **land titles divisions**, which remain unchanged by electoral/municipal boundary adjustments (s. 4).  
  * The **Director of Land Registration** oversees land registry offices (s. 8).  

====Types of Titles====

  - **Absolute Title**: Grants fee simple ownership, free from encumbrances (s. 45).  
  - **Qualified Title**: Includes exceptions (e.g., unresolved claims) noted in the register (s. 37).  
  - **Possessory Title**: Protects against adverse possession claims; allows upgrades to absolute/qualified titles (s. 47).  

====Registration Process====

  * **First Registration**: Requires title examination, notice to interested parties, and Director of Titles approval (s. 41).  
  * **Amendments**: Entries corrected for errors (e.g., misdescriptions, fraud) or legal changes (s. 75).  
  * **Fee Records**: All fees/instruments must be recorded in approved formats (s. 7).  

====Transfers & Charges==== 

  * **Transfers**: Registered owners may transfer land; transferees gain rights subject to registered encumbrances (s. 87).  
  * **Charges**: Mortgages/liens require registration. Chargees with a power of sale may register land sales (s. 99).  
  * **Leasehold Interests**: Registered leasehold land must meet criteria (e.g., no prohibitions on alienation) (s. 38).  

====Easements & Encumbrances==== 

  * Easements are registered per the Director’s requirements (s. 39).  
  * Encumbrances (e.g., taxes, liens) are noted on the register (s. 106).  

====Fraud & Error Remedies====

  * **Land Titles Assurance Fund**: Compensates individuals wrongfully deprived of land due to fraud/errors (s. 57).  
  * Fraudulent instruments may trigger deletions from the register (s. 80).  


====Special Provisions==== 

  * **Adverse Possession**: Prohibited for land under the LTA (s. 51).  
  * **Language Requirements**: Non-English instruments require certified translations (s. 84).  
  * **Land Surveys**: The Director may mandate surveys for title accuracy (s. 56).  

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//For specific scenarios (e.g., condominium easements, leasehold upgrades), consult detailed sections (e.g., s. 40 for condos).//